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A numerical study has been conducted for natural convection heat transfer for air around two vertically separated horizontal heated cylinders placed inside an isothermal rectangular enclosure having finite wall conductances. The interaction between convection in the fluid filled cavity and conduction in the walls surrounding the cavity is investigated. Results have been obtained for Rayleigh numbers (Ra) between 10³ and 10⁶, dimensionless wall thickness (W) between 0.5 and 1.375 and dimensionless wall‐fluid thermal conductivity ratio (α) between 0.01 and 5.0. The results indicate that wall heat conduction reduces the average temperature differences across the cavity, partially stabilizes the flow, and decreases natural convection heat transfer. The overall heat transfer coefficient for both cylinders is correlated with CRaⁿ for different W and α.